Communication Interfaces

Com­mu­ni­ca­tion Interfaces A Chap­ter of the RS-232 — TIA/EIA-232RS-485 — TIA/EIA-485RS-422 — TIA/EIA-422100BASE-FX Eth­er­net100BASE-TX Eth­er­net The RS-232 (Rec­om­mend­ed Stan­dard-232) or also known EIA-232 (Elec­tron­ic Indus­tries Alliance-232) is a...

The Smart Guide for Smart Grids – Dictionary from A to Z

SMART GUIDE FROM A TO Z The dic­tio­nary for com­mu­ni­ca­tion between SCADA sys­tems, con­trollers, oth­er elec­tri­cal devices and peo­ple. All entries from A to Z. DICTIONARY Dic­tio­nary and Ency­clo­pe­dia in one: click on the expla­na­tion to open...

PRP Redundancy

PRP – PARALLEL REDUNDANCY PROTOCOL What is PRP? PRP — Parallel Redundancy Protocol PRP (Par­al­lel Redun­dan­cy Pro­to­col) is a redun­dan­cy pro­to­col for Eth­er­net based net­works requir­ing high avail­abil­i­ty and a short switchover time, as for...

Grid & Substation Automation Chapter

Grid & Sub­sta­tion Automation A Chap­ter of the RTU — Remote Ter­mi­nal UnitSCADA — Super­vi­so­ry Con­trol and Data AcquisitionIED — Intel­li­gent Elec­tron­ic DeviceSER — SEQUENCE OF EVENTS RECORDING RTU most com­mon­ly stands for Remote Ter­mi­nal...

Network Redundancy

Net­work Redundancy Network Redundancy Net­work redun­dan­cy is a method to ensure net­work avail­abil­i­ty, pro­vid­ing failover when a device or net­work path fails or becomes unavailable. Redun­dan­cy is usu­al­ly achieved by installing addi­tion­al or...