HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a standardized application layer protocol for distributed and collaborative, hypermedia information systems.
Alongside HTML, HTTP facilitated the development of original World Wide Web, the first interactive, text-based web browser.
- HTTP integrates hyperlinks in its hypertext documents to provide easy access to further resources, a crucial function in the success of the World Wide Web.
- HTTP functions as a request–response protocol in a client–server architecture. An example would be web browsers (client) and web hosting applications (server).
- The client sends the HTTP request message to the server. The server returns a response containing the request’s completion status and may also contain requested content in its message body.
- HTTP is an application layer protocol of the IP suite. Its definition demands an underlying and reliable transport layer protocol, with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) as the usual choice. Still, HTTP can be adapted to use unreliable protocols such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), as in Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) and in HTTPU.
- HTTP resources are identified and located on the network with Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), using the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI’s) schemes http and https. URIs are encoded as hyperlinks in HTML documents in order to interlink hypertext documents.
- HTTP/1.1 is a revision of the original HTTP/1.0, which required to make a separate connection to the same server for every resource request. HTTP/1.1 can reuse a connection multiple times after the page has been delivered, which improves the latency as establishing TCP connections causes a considerable overhead.
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IP Protocols
- ARP — Address Resolution Protocol
- FTP — File Transfer Protocol
- HTTP
- IP Routing
- TCP — Transmission Control Protocol
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol used for discovering the link layer address (e.g. MAC address) that is associated with a given internet layer address, commonly IPv4.
The mapping function provided by ARP is critical to the Internet protocol suite and has been implemented with many combinations of network and data link layer technologies, such as IPv4, Chaosnet and DECnet using IEEE 802 standards, FDDI, X.25 and Frame Relay amongst others.
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) standard defines an application layer network protocol to transfer files from a server to a client on a computer network.
FTP is based on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between client and server.
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a standardized application layer protocol for distributed and collaborative, hypermedia information systems.
Alongside HTML, HTTP facilitated the development of original World Wide Web, the first interactive, text-based web browser.
IP routing encompasses different methodologies to route Internet Protocol (IP) packets within and across IP networks by determining a suitable path to transfer network packets between source and destination nodes in and across IP networks.
IP Routing protocols enable routers to build up a forwarding table that correlates final destinations with next hop addresses.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite providing reliable, ordered, and error-checked byte stream deliveries between hosting applications communicating through an IP network.
Located in the Transport Layer of the TCP/IP suite, major internet applications such as the World Wide Web, email, SSL/TLS and file transfers rely on or run on top of TCP.
IP Suite and iGrid
iGrid has extensive experience in working with Ethernet and also the IP protocol suite, encpasulating, transfering, mapping and converting data and protocols accross many architectures, networks and application types.

iGW‑S Substation Gateway

iControl SCADA
High-performance SCADA for the visualization and control of substation data. It is able to run either in client/server or standalone modes, providing advanced functionalities such as hot-standby redundancy, automatic line coloring, events notification (via e‑mail and sms), SQL logging, and reports generation.
iGrid Solutions and Applications

Automation with IEC 61850
The IEC 61850 standard is enabling new oportunities for vendor interoperability and advanced substation automation. Find out how you can take advantage of IEC 61850 with easy-to-use and adaptable solutions for a simple migration or retrofit.

HV Substation Automation
Powerful substation automation systems often handle numerous communication protocols and media within one network, which can result in expensive and complex projects. Avoid these problems with interoperable technology and smart configuration tools.

MV Distribution Grid Automation
It is often difficult to find the exact solution you need in a MV application, leading to higher costs than necessary. With our scalable and adaptable solutions you will be able to only pay for what you really need, without comprimising on quality or security.

Photovoltaic Power Station
Using an open and scalable SCADA system to monitor and control a PV plant comes with many benefits on several levels. Find out how advanced communication technology affects PV operation, maintenance, system design, investment security, profits…