iec 62439–3

IEC 62439–3

IEC 62439–3:2016 defines the PRP and HSR stan­dards, which pro­vide seam­less failover against fail­ure of any sin­gle com­po­nent in Eth­er­net networks.

PRP and HSR are appli­ca­tion pro­to­col inde­pen­dent, can be used by most Indus­tri­al Eth­er­net pro­to­cols in the IEC 61784 suite and have been inte­grat­ed in the frame­work of IEC 61850 for sub­sta­tion automation.

  • HSR and PRP are net­work redun­dan­cy pro­to­col tech­nolo­gies used in crit­i­cal com­mu­ni­ca­tion net­works that request high avail­abil­i­ty and short switchover times.
  • They are par­tic­u­lar­ly fast, mak­ing them suit­able for appli­ca­tions where the recov­ery time of com­mon­ly used pro­to­cols such as the Rapid Span­ning Tree Pro­to­col (RSTP) is too long.
  • Since HSR and PRP use the same dupli­cate iden­ti­fi­ca­tion mech­a­nism, PRP and HSR net­works can be con­nect­ed with­out sin­gle point of fail­ure and the same nodes can be built to be used in both PRP and HSR networks.

    HSR — High-availability Seamless Redundancy

    HSR (High-avail­abil­i­ty Seam­less Redun­dan­cy) is a redun­dan­cy pro­to­col for Eth­er­net net­works requir­ing short reac­tion times and high avail­abil­i­ty, as for exam­ple pro­tec­tion sys­tems at elec­tri­cal substations.

    Unlike com­mon redun­dan­cy pro­to­cols like RSTP, HSR reacts to any net­work com­po­nent fail­ures seam­less­ly (with­out recov­ery time) and is invis­i­ble to the application.

    PRP — Parallel Redundancy Protocol

    PRP (Par­al­lel Redun­dan­cy Pro­to­col) is a redun­dan­cy pro­to­col for Eth­er­net based net­works requir­ing high avail­abil­i­ty and a short switchover time, as for exam­ple pro­tec­tion sys­tems at elec­tri­cal substations.

    Unlike com­mon redun­dan­cy pro­to­cols like RSTP, PRP reacts to any net­work com­po­nent fail­ures seam­less­ly (with­out recov­ery time) and is invis­i­ble to the application.

    PRP vs HSR — Which one is better?

    All in all, the choice between HSR and PRP should depend on the spe­cif­ic project, as the project will deter­mine which draw­backs and advan­tages weigh more or less. As a rule, PRP net­work redun­dan­cy is more expen­sive, but also more flex­i­ble than HSR. 

    PRP redun­dan­cy usu­al­ly dou­bles the cost of a sin­gle non-redun­dant net­work, which makes the imple­men­ta­tion more expen­sive than many oth­er redun­dan­cy pro­to­cols. A High-avail­abil­i­ty Seam­less Redun­dan­cy (HSR) net­work can also pro­vide the same lev­el of redun­dan­cy and will cost less unless you’re plan­ning on keep­ing replace­ment infra­struc­ture anyways. 

    How­ev­er, PRP net­works pro­vide greater flex­i­bil­i­ty in terms of net­work topol­o­gy and allow to con­nect (PRP-) “unaware” nodes with­out a Red­Box (Redun­dan­cy Box), which would be required by HSR. Yet, these singly attached nodes can only com­mu­ni­cate with devices of the same LAN, not tak­ing full advan­tage from the redun­dan­cy. 

    Oth­er minor dis­ad­van­tages of HSR are poten­tial tech­ni­cal lim­i­ta­tions in rela­tion to traf­fic, laten­cy and band­width. Still, these prob­lems are not very fre­quent and can be coun­ter­act­ed with dif­fer­ent methods.

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      Network Redundancy

      HSR (High-avail­abil­i­ty Seam­less Redun­dan­cy) is a redun­dan­cy pro­to­col for Eth­er­net net­works requir­ing short reac­tion times and high avail­abil­i­ty, as for exam­ple pro­tec­tion sys­tems at elec­tri­cal substations.

      Unlike com­mon redun­dan­cy pro­to­cols like RSTP, HSR reacts to any net­work com­po­nent fail­ures seam­less­ly (with­out recov­ery time) and is invis­i­ble to the application.

      PRP (Par­al­lel Redun­dan­cy Pro­to­col) is a redun­dan­cy pro­to­col for Eth­er­net based net­works requir­ing high avail­abil­i­ty and a short switchover time, as for exam­ple pro­tec­tion sys­tems at elec­tri­cal substations.

      Unlike com­mon redun­dan­cy pro­to­cols like RSTP, PRP reacts to any net­work com­po­nent fail­ures seam­less­ly (with­out recov­ery time) and is invis­i­ble to the application.

      Eth­er­net is a fam­i­ly of wired com­put­er net­work­ing tech­nolo­gies com­mon­ly used in local area net­works (LAN) and also wide area net­works (WAN).

      Over time, Eth­er­net has large­ly replaced com­pet­ing wired LAN tech­nolo­gies by pro­vid­ing high­er bit rates, a greater num­ber of nodes, and longer link dis­tances and decent back­ward compatibility.

      The Medi­um Access Con­trol (MAC) sub­lay­er pro­vides flow con­trol and mul­ti­plex­ing for the trans­mis­sion medi­um to con­trol the hard­ware that inter­acts with the wired, optic and also wire­less trans­mis­sion media in the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN data link layer.

      The MAC is accom­pa­nied by the LLC sub­lay­er, which pro­vides flow con­trol and mul­ti­plex­ing for the log­i­cal link (i.e. Ether­Type, 802.1Q VLAN tag etc.)

      A Vir­tu­al Local Area Net­work (VLAN) is a is a sub­net­work which can group togeth­er col­lec­tions of devices that are con­nect­ed to sep­a­rate phys­i­cal LANs.

      VLANs allow net­work admin­is­tra­tors to par­ti­tion a sin­gle switched net­work in order to keep net­work appli­ca­tions sep­a­rate despite being con­nect­ed to the same phys­i­cal net­work, with­out requir­ing new cabling or major changes in the cur­rent net­work infrastructure.

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      Net­work redun­dan­cy is a method to ensure net­work avail­abil­i­ty, pro­vid­ing failover when a device or net­work path fails or becomes unavailable.

      Redun­dan­cy is usu­al­ly achieved by installing addi­tion­al or alter­na­tive net­work devices, com­mu­ni­ca­tion media or equip­ment with­in the net­work infrastructure

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